Prevalence and influencing factors of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the prevalence of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province in 2022, as well as its influencing factors, so as to provide scientific evidence for the development of effective measures to prevent and control elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Using data from the 2022 "Monitoring of Common Diseases and health Influencing Factors of Students" in Anhui Province, a total of 210 360 primary and middle school students aged 7 to 17 with complete information. Statistical analysis, including independent sample t tests, analysis of variance, and Chi square tests, were conducted to compare blood pressure differences and prevalence rates among students with different characteristics. Generalized linear mixed models were established to analyze the influencing factors of elevated blood pressure in children and adolescents.@*Results@#The overall prevalence of elevated blood pressure among primary and middle school students in Anhui Province was 22.3%, higher among high school students (25.6%) and junior high school students ( 23.7%) than elementary school students (20.4%) ( χ 2=528.49, P < 0.01 ); higher among obese(33.3%) and overweight students (24.9%) than that of normal students (18.6%) ( χ 2=3 704.52, P <0.01), higher among rural students (23.1%) than urban students (21.4%) ( χ 2=83.39, P <0.01), and higher in the northern part of Anhui Province (26.9%) than in the central part (21.9%) and southern part (17.6%) ( χ 2=1 777.51, P <0.01). The generalized linear mixed models revealed that girls, high school stage, overweight, obese, living in the northern part of Anhui Province, and living in rural were all positively correlated with elevated blood pressure( OR =1.11，1.25，1.47，1.45，2.24，1.21，1.67， P <0.01).@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents in Anhui Province is the highest in the country. It is recommended that relevant departments promptly formulate corresponding measures to curb the increasing trend of elevated blood pressure and protect the physical and mental health of children and adolescents.

A comparative study of sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters between patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and healthy controls / Un estudio comparativo de los parámetros sagitales de la columna vertebral-pélvic entre pacientes adolescentes con escoliosis idiopática y controles sanos

This study aimed to investigate the sagittal spinal-pelvic morphological changes, as well as the relationship between pelvic anatomical changes and the spinal-pelvic plane in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), in order to provide guidelines for orthopedic surgery in AIS. X-ray data were collected for retrospective analysis from 30 patients diagnosed as AIS in the Departments of Radiology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University and the Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Medical Hospital from April 2014 to November 2018, along with 30 normal adolescents as control. Pelvic parameters, including pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS), a spinal parameter, lumbar lordosis (LL), and anatomical parameters, including sacral width (SW) and femoral head- sacrum distance (FH-S), were measured. The spinal-pelvic parameters were compared between AIS patients and normal controls and also between male and female AIS patients. Pearson correlation was performed to analyze correlation between spinal-pelvic parameters and between spinal-pelvic parameters and anatomical parameters in both AIS patients and normal controls. PT was significantly lower in AIS patients than in normal controls (P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found in the other spinal-pelvic parameters, i. e. , LL, PI, and SS. There was a significant difference in PT between sexes in AIS patients. SS was significantly correlated with LL in EIA patients (P < 0.05, r > 0.5). SS was significantly correlated with LL and PI, and PT with LL, PI, and SS in normal controls (all P < 0.05), and there was no significant correlation between the other sagittal spinal-pelvic parameters (P > 0.05). FH-S was significantly correlated with LL, PI, SS, and PT in AIS patients (all P < 0.05). AIS affects some of the sagittal spinalpelvic parameters and anatomical parameters. In AIS, there is a significant correlation between the spinal-pelvic parameters, and the anatomical parameter is significantly correlated with multiple spinal-pelvic parameters.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar los cambios morfológicos sagitales de la columna vertebral-pélvica, así como la relación entre los cambios anatómicos pélvicos y el plano espinal-pélvico en pacientes con escoliosis idiopática adolescente (EIA), con el fin de proporcionar pautas para la cirugía ortopédica en AIS. Se obtuvieron los datos de rayos X para el análisis retrospectivo de 30 pacientes diagnosticados como EIA en los Departamentos de Radiología del hospital Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University y el hospital Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Medical Hospital, desde abril de 2014 hasta noviembre del 2018, junto con 30 adolescentes normales como control. Se midieron los parámetros pélvicos, que incluyeron incidencia pélvica (IP), inclinación pélvica (P) y pendiente sacra (PS), un parámetro espinal, lordosis lumbar (LL) y parámetros anatómicos, que incluyeron el ancho sacro (AS) y la distancia del sacro cabeza femoral (FH-S). Los parámetros espinalpélvicos se compararon entre los pacientes con EIA y los controles normales, como también entre pacientes con EIA masculinos y femeninos. La correlación de Pearson se realizó para analizar la correlación entre los parámetros espinal-pélvicos y entre los parámetros espinal-pélvicos y los parámetros anatómicos tanto en pacientes con EIA como en controles normales. PT fue significativamente menor en pacientes con EIA que en los controles normales (P <0,05), mientras que no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los otros parámetros espinal-pélvicos, i. mi. , LL, PI y SS. Hubo una diferencia significativa en PT en pacientes de ambos sexos con EIA. SS se correlacionó significativamente con LL en pacientes con EIA (P <0,05, r> 0,5). SS se correlacionó significativamente con LL y PI, y PT con LL, PI y SS en controles normales (todos P <0,05), y no hubo correlación significativa entre los otros parámetros sagitales de la columna vertebral-pélvica (P> 0,05) FH-S se correlacionó significativamente con LL, PI, SS y PT en pacientes con EIA (todos P <0,05). EIA afecta algunos de los parámetros sagitales de la columna vertebral-pélvica y los parámetros anatómicos. En EIA, existe una correlación significativa entre los parámetros espinal-pélvicos, y el parámetro anatómico se correlaciona significativamente con múltiples parámetros espinales-pélvicos.

A micro-CT study of different regions of the atlas / Un estudio de micro-CT de diferentes regiones del atlas

This study aimed to examine the differences in bone microarchitecture between different regions of the atlas in 28 dry atlas specimens using micro-CT, in order to explain the mechanism of the predilection sites of atlas fractures from the morphological point of view. A total of 28 dry specimens of intact adult atlas were randomly selected, scanned by micro-CT, and divided into a region from the anterior arch midpoint (AAM) to the lateral masses (LM), a LM region, and a region from the LM to the posterior arch midpoint (PAM). Trabecular thickness, separation, number, connectivity, and structure model index were measured for each of the three regions using the built-in software of the CT scanner. Trabecular thickness was all measured to be 0.11 ± 0.00 mm for AAM to LM, LM, and LM to PAM. Trabecular separation: AAM to LM > LM to PAM > LM. Trabecular number: LM > LM to PAM > AAM to LM. Connectivity: LM > LM to PAM > AAM to LM. Structure model index: LM > LM to PAM > AAM to LM. A lower trabecular number and connectivity and higher trabecular separation were seen in the anterior and posterior arches of the atlas, in which higher fracture rates were reported. By contrast, a higher trabecular number and connectivity and lower trabecular separation were seen in the lateral masses, in which lower fracture rates were reported.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar las diferencias en la microarquitectura ósea entre diferentes regiones del atlas en 28 muestras de atlas secas utilizando micro-CT, con el fin de informar el área de mayor frecuencia en las fracturas de atlas, desde el punto de vista morfológico. Se seleccionaron al azar un total de 28 muestras secas de atlas adultos intactas las que se escanearon por micro-CT y se dividieron en una región desde el punto medio del arco anterior (MAA) hasta las masas laterales (ML), una región ML y una región desde el ML hasta el punto medio del arco posterior (MAP). Se midió el grosor trabecular, la separación, el número, la conectividad y el índice del modelo de estructura para cada una de las tres regiones utilizando el software incorporado del escáner CT. El grosor trabecular se midió en 0,11 ± 0,00 mm para MAA a ML, ML y ML a MAP. Separación trabecular: MAA a ML> ML a MAP> ML. Número trabecular: ML> ML a MAP> MAA a ML. Conectividad: ML> ML a MAP> MAA a ML. Índice del modelo de estructura: ML> ML a MAP> MAA a ML. Se observó un menor número de estructuras trabeculares y conectividad y una mayor separación trabecular en los arcos anterior y posterior del atlas, en los que se informaron tasas de fracturas más altas. Por el contrario, se observó un mayor número de estructuras trabeculares y conectividad, y una menor separación trabecular en las masas laterales, en las que se observó un número menor de fracturas.

Drinking water and toilet sanitation of rural schools in Anhui during 2014-2018 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand current status of drinking water and toilet sanitation in rural schools of Anhui Province, and to provide basic knowledge for environmental sanitation improvement among rural schools in Anhui.@*Methods@#One primary school and one secondary school from each of the 5 villages from 24 counties in Anhui were selected during 2014-2018. Data was collected through information review, on-site inspections and interviews.@*Results@#School water supply methods were mainly based on local water supply from villages and towns, the rate was 58.16%, 58.95%, 65.07%, 62.78%, 67.69% from 2014 to 2018, respectively. Self-supplied water in some schools was initially untreated. The proportion of schools with sanitary toilets was 66.39%, 74.88%，76.26%，82.30%，94.20% during 2014 to 2018, respectively. The proportion of schools with toilets in the teaching building is lower than 30%. Proportions of schools with squatting toilets for girls was highest in 2017 (62.78%). The number of schools with no water faucets and no soap decreased by year, the lowest of 4.02% and 56.70% in 2018.@*Conclusion@#During the past five years, improvement has been observed in drinking water supply in rural schools in Anhui Province, however, the construction of toilets and surrounding environmental facilities still needs to be strengthened. The number of female toilet squats and the number of toilets in the teaching building and in the dormitory are relatively insufficient. While increasing the scale of toilet construction, it is also necessary to strengthen the quality of toilet management, and should pay attention to the relevant health education to teachers and students.

Micro-architecture study of the normal infant auditory ossicles with micro-computed tomography / Estudio de microarquitectura de los osículos auditivos infantiles normales con tomografía microcomputarizada

This study aimed to investigate the micro-anatomical morphology of ossicular chain in term fetus using micro-CT, in order to analyze the parameters of internal ossicular structure that may affect sound conduction.Four ossicular chains from two term fetuses were scanned by micro-CT. The related structural parameters of the trabeculae within the incus and malleus were calculated and compared. The fine anatomical structure of the auditory ossicles was analyzed.The microstructure of each auditory ossicles in term fetuses was clearly revealed by micro-CT. A marrow cavity was observed in the incus and malleus. In statistical analysis of the structural parameters of trabeculae in the incus and malleus, significant differences were found in BS/BV and Tb.Th (P < 0.05). Micro-CT enables the visualization of internal ossicular structure. The auditory ossicles in term fetus has good bone quality. The obtained bone structure data will help to clarify the physiological functions of normal fetal auditory ossicles.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la morfología microanatómica de la cadena osicular en el feto a término con micro-CT, con el fin de analizar los parámetros de la estructura osicular interna que pueden afectar la conducción del sonido. Cuatro cadenas osiculares de dos fetos a término fueron examinadas por micro-CT. Se calcularon y compararon los parámetros estructurales relacionados de las trabéculas dentro de los incus y malleus. Se analizó la estructura anatómica fina de los osículos. Se observó claramente la microestructura de cada osículo en los fetos y la cavidad medular en el incus y el malleus. En el análisis estadístico de los parámetros estructurales de las trabéculas en el incus y el malleus, se encontraron diferencias significativas en BS / BV y Tb.Th (P <0,05). Micro-CT permite la visualización de la estructura osicular interna. Los osículos en el feto a término tienen buena calidad ósea. Los datos obtenidos de la estructura ósea ayudarán para aclarar las funciones fisiológicas de los osículos auditivos fetales normales.

Knock-down the expression of TaH2B-7D using virus-induced gene silencing reduces wheat drought tolerance

BACKGROUND: Drought is a major abiotic stress affecting global wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. Exploration of drought-tolerant genes is essential for the genetic improvement of drought tolerance in wheat. Previous studies have shown that some histone encoding genes are involved in plant drought tolerance. However, whether the H2B family genes are involved in drought stress response remains unclear. METHODS: Here, we identified a wheat histone H2B family gene, TaH2B-7D, which was significantly up-regulated under drought stress conditions. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology was used to further verify the function of TaH2B-7D in wheat drought tolerance. The phenotypic and physiological changes were examined in the TaH2B-7D knock-down plants. RESULTS: In the TaH2B-7D knock-down plants, relative electrolyte leakage rate and malonaldehyde (MDA) content significantly increased, while relative water content (RWC) and proline content significantly decreased compared with those in the non-knocked-down plants under drought stress conditions. TaH2B-7D knock-down plants exhibited severe sagging, wilting and dwarf phenotypes under drought stress conditions, but not in the non-knocked-down plants, suggesting that the former were more sensitive to drought stress. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that TaH2B-7D potentially plays a vital role in conferring drought tolerance in wheat.

Clinical research on the feasibility of single mediastinal drainage tube after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To explore the feasibility of single mediastinal drainage tube in treatment of esophageal carcinoma after thoracoscopic combined with laparoscopic surgery. Methods     There were 90 esophagus cancer patients treated by surgery in our hospital between June 2015 and October 2016. The patients were allocated into two groups including a single-drainage tube group and a two-drainage tube group. There were 45 patients with 24 males and 21 females at age of 48-78 years in the two-drainage tube group and 45 patients with 23 males and 22 females at age of 45-84 years in the single-drainage tube group.The clinical effect of the two groups was compared. Results     There was no statistical difference in gender and age, bleeding amount and surgical duration in operation, thoracic drainage amount, incidence of atelectasis, pneumothorax, and encapsulated effusion between the two groups(P<0.05). Discussion     Single-drainage tube group displays less postoperative pain, faster recovery, and more convenient clinical care without complication.

A preliminary discussion on establishment of patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model and testing of pharmacodynamics / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective To establish a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model and to observe the latency and rate of tumor formation, tumor size, tumor invasion and metastasis of transplanted tumors. Methods Seven patients with chest tumor in Drum Tower Hospital from April to December 2015 were chosen. There were 5 males and 2 females with age ranging from 61-71 years, including 4 patients of esophageal tumor and 3 patients of lung tumor. PDTX model was established by surgical removal of fresh tumor tissues of these patients and transplantation in NODPrkdcem26Il2rgem26Nju subcutaneous (NCG) mice. The latency and rate of tumor formation, tumor size, tumor invasion and metastasis of transplanted tumors were observed, and pathology of HE staining and immunohistochemical testing results were compared between PDTX model and the patients. Results PDTX model was successfully established in 4 patients, and the success rate was 66.7%, including 2 patients of esophageal cancer. The PDTX model retained the differentiation, morphological and structural characteristics of original tumors. Conclusion Pathology and molecular biology characteristics of PDTX model are consistent with the original tumor, which can be an “avatar” of tumor patients for clinical pharmacodynamics screening and new drug research and development.

Identification and characterization of circRNAs involved in the regulation of low nitrogen-promoted root growth in hexaploid wheat

BACKGROUND: CircRNAs are widespread in plants and play important roles in response to abiotic stresses. Low nitrogen (LN) promotes the growth of plant root system, allowing it to explore more nitrogen. However, whether circRNAs involved in the response to LN stress and the regulation of LN-promoted root growth in wheat remains unclear. METHODS: Two wheat varieties (LH9 and XN979) with contrasting root phenotypes to LN stress were used as materials to identify circRNAs under control and LN conditions by using high-throughput sequencing technology. RESULTS: Six differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) involved in the common response to LN stress and 23 DECs involved in the regulation of LN-promoted root growth were successfully identified. GO analysis of the DEC-host genes involved in the regulation of LN-promoted root growth showed that GO terms related to biological regulation, responses to stimuli and signalling were significantly enriched. Moreover, seven DECs were predicted to have miRNA binding sites and may serve as miRNA sponges to capture miRNAs from their target genes. CONCLUSIONS: LN stress altered the expression profiles of circRNAs in wheat. This is the first report of LN stress responsive circRNAs in plants. Our results provided new clues for investigating the functions of circRNAs in response to LN stress and in the regulation of LN-promoted wheat root growth.

Effect and mechanism of lncRNA UCA1 target regulating miR-185-5p on non-small cell lung cancerA549 cell / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@# Objective: To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Long non-coding RNAurothelial carcinoma associated 1 (lncRNA UCA1) on proliferation, invasion and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Methods: NSCLS A549 cells were cultured and transfected with lentivirus; RT-PCR was employed to detect the levels of UCA1 in A549 cells. The relationship between UCA1 and miR-185-5p was validated by luciferase reporter assays. Cell viability ofA549 cells was measured by MTT. Cell invasion and migration were determined by Transwell and Wound healing assay, respectively; and western blotting was performed for measuring the levels of Wnt1/β-catenin pathway-related proteins. Results: sh-UCA1 significantly decreased UCA1 expression and increased miR-185-5p expression in A549 cells (all P<0.05). miR-185 inhibitor attenuated the promotion effect of sh-UCA1 on miR-1855p (P<0.05). UCA1 could significantly down-regulate miR-185-5p expression in A549 cells (P<0.05), which was reversed by miR-185 mimic (P<0.05). Luciferase reporter assay validated the binding site on UCA1 to link miR-185-5p. sh-UCA1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration ofA549 cells (all P<0.05), and also decreased the protein levels of Wnt1, β-catenin and TCF-4 notably (all P<0.05); however, miR-185 inhibitor attenuated such inhibitory effects of sh-UCA1 (P<0.05). Conclusion: UCA1 could promote proliferation, invasion and migration of A549 cells through targeting miR-185-5p, and the mechanisms might be related with activation of Wnt1/β-catenin pathway.

Chromosome 7 aneuploidy in clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinoma: Detection using silver in situ hybridization technique.

Background: Chromosome 7 aberrations in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have been reported in papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the implication of these anomalies on prognosis and survival is still unclear. RCC Chromosome 7 aberrations have commonly been detected by fl uorescent in situ hybridization and chromogenic in situ hybridization but not silver in situ hybridization (SISH). Aim: The purpose was to report chromosome 7 aberrations in ccRCC and pRCC using SISH in paraffi nembedded tissues and determine the association between the anomalies with clinical and pathological features. Materials and Methods: Cases of ccRCC and pRCC from University Malaya Medical Centre (2001-2009) were analyzed. Chromosome 7 staining was performed using an automated SISH method and association tests between chromosomal anomalies, clinical features and survival were performed. Results: SISH is a feasible technique to detect chromosome 7 aberration in RCC. Chromosome 7 aberrations with nuclear grading, staging and survival yielded no signifi cant correlation. Surprisingly, there was a signifi cant association between gender and chromosome 7 expressions. Though grade did not reach statistical signifi cance for survival in our RCC cases, there was a signifi cant correlation between overall survival with race and stage. Conclusion: Chromosome 7 aberrations in ccRCC showed no prognostic signifi cance. Nevertheless, staging and grading systems that include prognostic variables could hold better promise.